א

 

Translation of Yalkut Shimoni, Parshat Bereishit,

Allusions 1-2 for discussion of the values of the letter א to be found on: http://tinyurl.com/zghyg -or http://www.geocities.com/dordot2001/ALEPH.htm

 

ילקוט שמעוני תורה פרשת בראשית [רמז א-ב]

 

א"ר עקיבא 1 אלו עשרים ושנים אותיות שבהן נתנה כל התורה כלה והן חקוקין בעט שלהבת על כתר נורא של הקב"ה ובשעה שבקש לבראות את העולם ירדו ועמדו לפני הקב"ה זה אומר לפניו בי תברא את העולם וזה אומר לפניו בי תברא את העולם. בתחלה נכנס תי"ו לפניו ואמר לפניו רבש"ע רצונך שתברא בי את העולם שבי אתה עתיד ליתן תורה לישראל ע"י משה שנאמר תורה צוה לנו משה 2. השיב הקב"ה ואמר לאו מפני שאני עתיד לעשות בך רושם על מצחות האנשים שנא' והתוית תי"ו 3. מיד יצא מלפניו בפחי נפש. ואח"כ נכנס שי"ן וכן כל אות ואות ואחרי כולן נכנס בי"ת ואמר לפניו רבש"ע רצונך שתברא בי את העולם שבי אומרים בכל יום ברוך 4 ה' לעולם אמן ואמן. השיב הקב"ה הן ברוך הבא בשם 5 ה' מיד קבלו הקב"ה וברא בו את העולם בבי"ת שנא' בראשית ברא 7. ואל"ף כיון שראה את הקב"ה שקבל ממנו לברא את העולם עמד לו לצד אחד ושתק עד שקרא לו הקב"ה ואמר לו אל"ף מפני מה אתה שותק ואין אתה אומר 8 לי כלום השיב אל"ף ואמר לו רבש"ע מפני שאין בי כח לומר לפניך כלום שכל האותיות מחושבים 9 במנין מרובה ואני במנין  10מועט. בי"ת בשתים גימ"ל בשלשה וכן כולם ואני באחד. השיב הקב"ה ואמר לו אל"ף אל תתירא שאתה ראש לכולן כמלך. אתה אחד ואני אחד והתורה אחת שאני עתיד ליתן בך לעמי ישראל שנא' אנכי ה' אלהיך 11:

 

[רמז ב] ומנין שאל"ף נקרא אחד שנאמר איכה ירדוף אחד אלף.12 ומנין שהקב"ה נקרא אחד שנאמר שמע ישראל ה' אלהינו ה' אחד. 13 ומנין שהתורה נקראת אחת שנא' תורה אחת יהיה לכם.14 אנכי ראש כל הדברות ואל"ף ראש כל האותיות....... בר חוניא 15 אמר למה נקרא שמו אל"ף שהקב"ה מסכים ליתן תורה לאלף דור שנא' דבר צוה לאלף דור 16...

(אוצרות ישראל, גירסה 2, בהוצאות פרוייקט ה שו"ת, אוניברסיטת בר אילן, 2005)

(THE RESPONSA PROJECT – The Bar Ilan Research & Development Company, Inc., Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 2005)

 

 

Please note: The English in the following translation may sound a bit strange to those who are sticklers for flawless English. That is unavoidable.  The Hebrew of Yalkut Shimoni is anomalous in many ways. That is certainly not due to a lack of linguistic skills on the part of the author. Yalkut Shimoni is a masterpiece of midrash (homiletic interpretation of the Hebrew Bible).  As does all midrash, the exegesis functions on many levels, including that of the alphanumeric lattices that underlie the Hebrew language.  Rather than the linguistic anomalies bespeaking errors or weaknesses of some kind in the text, they alert the reader to study the text with extreme care and assiduousness. Typically, only a few lines of Yalkut Shimoni are studied in a given study session, that in order not to go into cognitive overload.

(See: http://tinyurl.com/l2fka)

 

Special gratitude is extended to my husband, my Teacher, Dani'el Dotan, who has proofread and approved the translation below.

 

 

YALKUT SHIMONI

 

 [Allusion 1] Rabbi Akiva 1 says: These are the twenty-two letters with which the Torah in its entirety was given, and they are engraved with a flaming stylus on the awesome crown of the Holy One, blessed is He. And when He wished to create the world they descended and stood before the Holy One, blessed is He. This one and that said before Him, "Create the world with me". First, Tav entered and said before Him, "Master of the World, surely it is Your will to create the world with me. In the future you will give the Torah to Israel by way of Moshe, as is said: Moshe commanded Torah to us" 2. The Holy One, blessed is He, answered him saying: "No, because in the future I will make of you an inscription on the foreheads of particular people, as is said: "…make a mark…"3. He immediately went out of His presence disappointed. Afterward, Shin entered and so the other letters. Thereafter Beit entered and said before Him: "Master of the World, surely it is Your will that the world be created with me because every day it is said: "Blessed is the Lord forever. Amen and amen" 4.The Holy One, blessed is He, responded: "Yes, blessed is (the person, my parentheses) who comes in the Name of the Lord" 5 . The Holy One, blessed is He, accepted him at once and created 6 the world with the letter Beit, as is said: In the beginning (God) created 7. And Alef, because it saw that the Holy One, blessed is He, agreed to create the world with it (i.e., with Beit, my parentheses) stood aside and kept still until the Holy One, blessed is He, called to it and said to it: "Alef, why do you keep silent and you do not say anything to me?"8 Alef responded and said to the Master of the World: "Because the strength to say anything before You is not in me. All of the letters are reckoned 9 of great value and I am accounted 10 as little. Beit is equal to two, Gimmel is three and so on, and I am but one." The Holy One, blessed is He, responded saying: "Don't be fearful. You are the head of all, as a king. You are one and I am One and the Torah is one, which, in the future, I will give by way of you to my People Israel, as is said: "I am the Lord your God".11

 

[Allusion 2]And whence is Alef called one? As is said: "Whence one follows after a thousand?"12 And whence that the Holy One, blessed is He is called One? As is said: "Hear, Israel, the Lord, Our G-d, The Lord is One." 13 Whence Torah is called One? As is said: "There shall be a single Law for one who commits an inadvertent act, whether he is a native born Israelite or a proselyte who joins them." 14 I am the Head of the entire Decalogue and Alef is the head of all of the letters…..Bar Hunia 15 says: "Why is the letter's name Alef? Because The Holy One, blessed is He, agrees to give Torah to a thousand generations, as is said: "He has remembered His covenant for ever, the word which He commanded to a thousand generations."16  

 

Notes:

 

 1. Rabbi Akiva – was a prolific and extremely influential Rabbi, especially during the period between the destruction of the Second Temple and the defeat of Beitar (the bar Kokhvah uprising) ca. 70 – 135 CE.

 

2. Deuteronomy 33:4. The word Torah begins with the letter ת (Tav).

 

3. "And the Lord said unto him: Go through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem, and make a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all the abominations that are done in the midst thereof." (Book of Ezekiel 9:4, Jewish Publication Society Bible, 1917)

 

4. A part of the everyday morning liturgy. The Hebrew word for 'blessed', (ברוך) begins with the letter ב.

 

5. This sentence plays on words that begin with the letter ב.

 

6. The Hebrew radical ב-ר-א, which means 'to create' likewise begins with the letter ב.

 

7. Book of Genesis 1:1. The words בראשית ברא, "in the beginning created (God)", as can be seen, also both begin with the letter ב.

 

8. This question plays on words that begin with the letter א.

 

9. The Hebrew radical ח-ש-ב from which this word is derived can mean 'to think'; 'to intend'; 'to calculate'; 'to reckon'; 'to be important' depending upon how it is inflected.  Here it is taken to mean all of those definitions concomitantly.

 

10. The word מנין, which appears twice in this sentence, can mean 'wherefrom'; 'counting', 'number'; 'prayer quorum'. Once again, all of these meaning are intended in the text.

 

11. Leviticus 20:2. The Hebrew word for 'I', אנכי, begins with the letter א. It is of significance the all of the words אהיה אשר אהיה, ('I will be that which I will be'; 'I will be That, I will be'; 'I will be joy, I will be' [Exodus 3:14] my translations) all begin with the letter א as well. אהיה is one of the Divine Names.

 

12. "Whence one pursues (or eagerly follows) one thousand?" (Deuteronomy 32:30, My translation). Both the words מנין and איכה appear in the first sentence of Allusion 2 of Yalkut Shimoni. We have seen the meanings for מנין, one of which is 'wherefrom'. Likewise the word איכה, which begins with the letter א, means 'wherefrom'. The text is integrating the concepts of 'provenance', 'counting', 'number' and 'prayer'. It is very typical of a Hebrew text to use language this way.

 

13. (Deuteronomy 6:4, popularly used translation)

 

14. Numbers 15:29. I have slightly revised the English translation of the Hebrew Bible Produced by the Organization for Educational Resources and Technological Training [ORT], Copyright © 2000 World ORT. See: http://tinyurl.com/fx8sh)

 

15. Bar Hunia (also referred to as bar Hatiah) –Israeli Amora of the fourth generation, flourished ca 375-425).

 

16. Psalm 105:8. I have modernized the JPS translation very slightly, substituting only the word "has" for their "hath".