á"ä

 

From the Hebrew Word âï

to the Japanese Sono

 

 

I wondered how the Hebrew word for garden, âï, is related to the Japanese word for garden, 'sono'.  Upon learning that the word 'sono' in Japanese means 'garden' the Hebrew origin of the word resonated within me. The meaning of the Hebrew word âï is 'garden' or 'kindergarten'. Variants of the Hebrew word âï exist in a number of Semitic languages, to wit: Aramaic: âðà and âðúà; Ugaritic: gn; Arabic: janna; Akkadian: ganna.  In all these languages the variations of the word mean 'garden', although the word is derived from the Hebrew radical âðï meaning to defend, protect, guard, shelter. In Arabic jannay means 'he covered', 'concealed.1

 

After some consideration it became clear that the shift from the Hebrew âï to 'sono' also involves a shifting of the Hebrew word æï to sono. The Hebrew radical æ-å-ï means 'to feed'. The word æåï means 'to feed' in both Aramaic and in Biblical Aramaic. Likewise in Akkadian zanānu means 'to feed' (the macron over the second 'a' indicates that the sound is long).2

 

We will see that the derivation of the word Japanese word 'sono' is not only a sound-alike cognate of the Hebrew word æï that involves a simple æ' to S phonetic shift. The word tells us just how it is derived from its Hebrew alphanumeric provenance.

 

Let's look at the word 'sono'. The Hebrew letters æ' and â' are mirror images of one another, which, when handwritten, create an enclosure together (this might be a protecting enclosure like a (âï but, not less important, they are also supplements of one another adding up to the number 10. I suspect that in the translation of Hebrew to other languages there are letter shifts of letters that supplement to 10, 100 and 1000 as well as phonetic letter shifts and metatheses.

 

The phenomenon of 'g' to 'z' shifts occurring that create cognates in various languages certainly can be demonstrated. One example is: The Hindi 'zanana' (meaning woman. Notice how close the Hindi 'zanana' is to the Akkadian zanānu.), which seems to be related to the ancient Greek γυνη. Another example is the word 'zither', which is probably derived from the Greek κιθαρα (Lat.cithara).This is evidently the source from which 'guitar' was derived. The ultimate etymon of zither, κιθαρα, cithara and guitar alike is the Hebrew word âéã. 

 

Let's not ignore the 'ō' sound, which is doubled, in the word 'sono'. I write the foregoing statement and treat the matter most deliberately and specifically because in considering the Hebrew etymon of words in other languages many follow the principle of the øù"é, which states that vowels may simply be ignored for the most part when analyzing Hebrew words. This sweeping diminution of the importance of the Hebrew vowels is obviously based on the fact that Hebrew is written without the system of punctuation marks that was developed by  áéú àùø.Though accepted by the øîá"í, the system of vocalizing the Text developed by áéú àùø was still not deeply ingrained in the Jewish consciousness as part and parcel of Hebrew during the time of the øù"é. The øù"é may have been hostile to the system of vocalization that áéú àùø developed, as it is generally accepted that they were Karaites. The øîá"í accepted the authority of the àùø Dynasty, albeit reluctantly and qualifiedly, on the basis of their singular scholarship, which was undeniable to any appraising their work honestly.  The øù"é may not have been quite so generous of spirit in accepting that the knowledge of Text of Torah on the part of Karaites was superior to that of the Rabbis. Another reason that the øù"é belittled the importance of vowels in analyzing how words are derived from Hebrew is the fact that the various inflections of radicals are formed, in part, by using different vowels. Thus, the morphology of the Hebrew language is based on the fact that vowels change and are fluid. This, to the mind of the øù"é, was evidently reason to dismiss them as being of less import than the letters of the radicals.

 

It does not appear that these bases are reasons that will support the assumption that vowels can be ignored when analyzing how words are derived from their alphanumeric Hebrew etymons. First and foremost vowels exist. It is impossible to speak without vowels. This and more, all of the àîåú-ä÷øéàä (vowel letters) in the Hebrew alphabet have values and all consideration of Hebrew words involves computation. The values of àîåú-ä÷øéàä are always taken into consideration when the values of Hebrew words are computed, no matter which system of computation is employed.3 Some of the àîåú-ä÷øéàä are used to create vowel indications. The å' appears in the name of the çåìí, the ùåø÷, the ÷áåõ and the ñâåì. It is used to create the topological structure4 of the çåìí, which is a å', not merely a horizontal line segment, with a dot over it and the ùåø÷, which is a å' with a dot next to the left side of it across from the middle of the å'.  The é', likewise is to be found in the names of vowels, to wit: the çéø÷ and the öéøä. It is used principally to create the çéø÷ âãåì, but also to create the öéøä âãåì and, to a lesser extent, the ñâåì âãåì.

 

As I have discussed in my book äð÷áä: ä÷øáðåú åäëôøåú, which can be accessed from the following URL: http://tinyurl.com/7oxud, we find throughout both 5úð"ê and the Dead Sea Scrolls6 that àîåú-ä÷øéàä are both not written in some words where one would expect to find them and ostensibly "superfluous" àîåú-ä÷øéàä are found in other words where one would not expect them to be according to accepted orthography. See my discussion of the names æáåìåï, éùËøåï and the word ëé, which is sometimes spelled ëéà in the Dead Sea Scrolls. In all of these cases it is eminently clear from the Text that these are not spelling errors, but, rather, they are very deliberate formulations indeed. Since the additions or subtractions of the àîåú-ä÷øéàä do not change the pronunciation of the words, we are left to conclude that they have been written into the Text, or omitted be the individual case as it may, in order to change the numerical values of the words in which they appear.

 

Hebrew, therefore, is an alphabet, not an abugida and most certainly not an abjad, as the disavowal of the utmost importance of the alphanumerical qualities of àîåú-ä÷øéàä on the part of the øù"é necessarily implies.

 

It is also true that all the vowels in Hebrew  (äúðåòåú)have names and those names have values of their own.

 

No, it does not at all appear that vowels are to be summarily ignored. The letter å', equaling 6, is twice â'In the word 'sono' we have a doubling of the letter â' twice, i.e., the two "ō", or å' sounds. Let's bear in mind here that å' is the only absolutely symmetrical letter in the Hebrew alphabet.  Sono contains the name of the letter å', which we have said is a twice-pairing, or quadrupling, of â'.

 

This seems to me to be a play on the radical æ-å-âQuite obviously, the nasal ð' or 'n' is also a prominent letter in the words 'âï', ',æï' and 'sono'.  I have discussed the fact that the nasal letter ð' has the characteristic of appearing and disappearing in my book äð÷áä: ä÷øáðåú åäëôøåú, (see URL above). To find the passage quickly, it will aid the reader to highlight the word 'disappears'. You do not need to speak or read Hebrew proficiently to understand this passage.

 

The word 'sono' is not just a simple phoneticæ'  to 's' shift.  It actually tells us what the arithmetical functions that have been used to create the entire word are.

 

I wrote about the fact that æ', a dental fricative often shifting to the 's' sound, being equal to 7, is the supplement of 3 (â'that adds up to ten.  Now, ù (shin) and ù (sin), equaling 300 as they do, are 3 X 100. ñ', equaling as it does 60, is also a multiple of three ((â'; it equals 3 x 20.  These connections are not fortuitous and they have some bearing in how languages are generated from their provenance and substrate, alphanumerical Hebrew.

 

REFERENCES: 1. A COMPREHENSIVE ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY OF THE HEBREW LANGUAGE FOR READERS OF ENGLIGH, by Rabbi Dr. Ernest Klein, Copyright © 1987 by The Beatrice & Arthur Minden Foundation &The University of Haifa, CARTA, The Israel Map and Publishing Company, Ltd., Jerusalem – Tel Aviv, 4/6 Yad Harutzim St. P.O.B. 2500 Jerusalem, Israel 91204. Editor: Baruch Sarel

               2. ibid.

               3. Numerology - Gematria

                    The Mathematics of the Torah http://tinyurl.com/bk6a3

                4. as the term is defined in: "The Shapes of Visual Signs over Human History" See: http://tinyurl.com/cokpp

                5. For an extensive list of these variant spellings, see:   

ñôø äéëì ä÷ãù, ÷åð÷åøãðöéà òáøéú åàøîéú, 

îàú ã"ø ùìîä îàðãòì÷òøï

LIPSIAE Veit et Comp MDCCCXCVI

                    6. For an extensive list of these variant spellings, see: THE Dead Sea Scrolls CONCORDANCE, Volumes One and Two, The Non-Biblical Texts from Qumran [PART ONE] by Martin G. Abegg, Jr. with James E. Bowley & Edward M. Cook & in Consultation with EMANUEL TOV, Copyright 2003 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands

 

Doreen Ellen Bell-Dotan, Tzfat, Israel

DoreenDotan@gmail.com